Cost containment and how has it affected health care

What is cost containment and how has it affected health care?
What cost containment practices do we see from private health insurance versus public health insurance?
How do national expenditures affect an organization? What trends are we seeing with national expenditures? What does the future look like?
What role does cost shifting play?
What are the various methods of reimbursement and what trends do we see with these?